The books were published by , Moscow, but printed in elegant, flawless Bengali script . The translations were not clumsy. They were lyrical, often done by respected Bengali left-leaning intellectuals of the 1970s and 80s who admired the Soviet Union’s support for anti-colonial movements.

Here’s a short, helpful story that explores and their connection to Bengali books. In the quiet, book-lined flat of an old professor of comparative literature in Kolkata, a young researcher named Mitali was struggling. She was studying the reception of Soviet children’s literature in post-independence Bengal. Her supervisor had mentioned a name she couldn’t find in any modern database: Raduga Publishers .

She did. There was a small, rubber-stamped oval: “Allied Publishers Private Ltd., Calcutta – Sole Distributors.”

Mitali began her search. Every library catalogue she checked showed the same thing: no results . But then, at the , a kind archivist led her to a dusty, forgotten shelf in the basement. There they were — squat, sturdy hardbacks with bright, stylized illustrations. Misha and the Bear. The Little Humpbacked Horse. Fairy Tales of the Peoples of the USSR.

Why did they do it? The Soviet Union wanted soft power. But the Bengali readers wanted stories. For a few decades, a child in Howrah could read about Russian snow maidens alongside Sukumar Ray’s nonsense verse, thanks to this quiet rainbow.